Plagiarism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Copyright infringement - Essay Example Such practice can never be completely forestalled yet there are ways people could limit this (Oxford Brookes University). As understudies, we should intend to learn and not depend on simple arrangements like duplicating another person’s paper rather, should believe that in dealing with one’s paper, the understudy improves or even finds his/her aptitudes and capacities. While one may truly compose the paper, a few practices probably won't be embraced during the procedure that could prompt unoriginality like not referencing and others previously mentioned. For understudies to dodge this at that point, they are encouraged to deal with their time so as not to pack and duplicate other’s works which could be the least demanding arrangement. While searching for references, it is fitting to take notes utilizing one’s own words, keeping a rundown of sources and archiving the references (Caroll, 2004). Likely the most grounded impact is stick to what exactly is corr ect, what is in accordance with the law. Establishments then again can likewise play out their part by giving clear directions to understudies with respect to their works considering different understudies probably won't recognize what referencing means or they don't have the foggiest idea how to approach the paper. Hymn encourages educators to give various assignments for understudies, to keep them from replicating from one another and contrasting their works and furthermore change the composing styles with the goal that they will think again of purchasing papers from the web. In doing this and forcing disciplines to the individuals who might be found carrying out the wrongdoing, understudies would consider keeping their poise and become familiar with the most difficult way possible (Oxford Brookes University). Caroll, Jude. November, 2004. Hindering, Detecting and Dealing with Plagiarism: A Brief Paper for Brookes Staff for Academic Integrity Week. Oxford Brookes University. Retrieved from:

Reading Aloud Essay Example

Perusing Aloud Paper I. Presentation Reading so anyone might hear action is normally utilized by instructors all around the globe. However,most ELT strategy creators, for example, Broghton,Brumfit,Flavell,Hill,and Pincas, then again some speacialists propose its utilization. The conversation about perusing out loud is a lasting one. It has been examined more than thirty years or more,reading so anyone might hear is advantageous or only a period filler. In ongoing years,it is demonstrated to be a valuable apparatus while gaining vocabulary,developing understanding aptitudes and appreciation of setting. Perusing so anyone might hear impacts language learning in a positive way. There will be a far reaching update of perusing out loud and will be responded to the accompanying inquiries: 1-What are the impacts of perused so anyone might hear exercises? 2-What are the points of interest or detriments of perusing out loud exercises? 3-How would teachers be able to utilize perused out loud exercises to improve student’s capacity to peruse? II. THE CONTROVERSY ABOUT READING ALOUD Reading so anyone might hear is viewed as terrible practice by EFL/ESL instructors and by EFL/ESL technique experts(Amer, 1997, 43). For instance, Hill and Dobbyn(1979: 69) consider that perusing out loud is just a method of filling 45 minutes in homeroom and perusing so anyone might hear isn't gainful for students(cited in Amer, 1997, 43). Different resistances to perusing so anyone might hear guarantee that: It is exhausting, causing nervousness and it has no significant advantage for the understudies, especially for the audience members. Perusing so anyone might hear is an entangled action to do well both for local speakers and language students, so this may cause demotivation of understudies (Gibson, 2008, 29 30). The understudies may be debilitated by English spelling and commit errors in the way to express words they know orally (Birch refered to in Gibson, 2008, 30). ‘A every now and again refered to explanation behind utilizing perusing so anyone might hear is for the improvement of articulation. We will compose a custom paper test on Reading Aloud explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Reading Aloud explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Reading Aloud explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer In any case, question is thrown on the adequacy of this by Celce-Murcia, Brinton, and Goodwin (1996) due to the controlled and consequently somewhat unnatural writings that are regularly utilized; these don't neccessarily help articulation in unconstrained speech(cited in Gibson,2008, 30). These writings as a rule alter repetition, discontinuity, and inadequacy which include in ordinary speech(Gibson, 2008, 30). ’ Reading resoundingly is really significant for the EFL/ESL perusers, particularly toward the start of learnig the language. These students will in general read word by word in light of their restricted etymological expertise while perusing to themselves. They have uneasiness to coprehend each word, they tend to seperate sentences into unmeaningful parts when they read. Accordingly, the sentences lose their totality so they become good for nothing (Dhaif refered to in Amer, 1997, 43). III. THE EFFECTS OF THE TEACHER’S READING ALOUD ON STUDENTS The job of perusing out loud in EFL/ESL learning has not investigated without question, however a few examinations has been made. For instance; May (1986: 74) explored the impact of theacher’s perusing resoundingly in English on the perusing comprehension of local Spanish-talking kids. He discovered that the examination favors utilization of perusing out loud with EFL understudies paying little mind to phonetic level (refered to in Amer, 1997, 44). Another examination with Spanish-Speaking kids has demonstrated that perusing so anyone might hear has a significant constructive outcome on ESL learners’ understanding perception, particularly their capacity to between relate, decipher and reach inferences from the substance (Santos refered to in Amer, 1997: 44). A trial made by Amer (1997) so as to discover the impact of the teacher’s read resoundingly on the perusing understanding of 6th grade EFL students perusing an account text. He partitioned into two classes the understudies from a transitional school in Cairo. The exploratory class includes 39 understudies and the control class includes 36 understudies. The entirety of the understudies had been reading EFL for a long time. The Perfect Pearl by Osborne(1989) was utilized in the examination. At that point, the story was separated into four section and all parts were shown individually in various days. Various educators taugt each class. The educator who encouraged the exploratory class was prepared by Amer to peruse the entire story out loud genuinely. The key jargon in the part was given and it is perused in the homeroom, it is talked about and clarified. To keep students spurred and intrigued, they were advised to peruse quietly when the educator read out loud. For keeping students consideration, educator halted aimlessly spots in the content and request them to peruse the following word. At that point instructor posed a few inquiries about the content. A similar procedure was applied with the control class yet that understudies read the content quietly with no oral perusing. At last, two tests were utilized to assess the impact of perusing resoundingly. The main test was a numerous decision, the subsequent test was an adjusted type of a story outline. The outcome was that the exploratory gathering beat the benchmark group on various decision and story outline tests. He inferred that students would be advised to comprehend of what they were perusing in the educator perusing out loud procedure than in the quiet understanding procedure. Perusing so anyone might hear by the educator can help EFL students to improve a positive way towards perusing. Additionally, perusing out loud can invigorate them to peruse for joy. (Amer, 1997, 46). IV. THE POSSIBLE BENEFITS OF READING ALOUD L2 students face some perusing and composing issues as a result of the haziness of English orthography and the particular aptitudes requires to disentangle it. Local English speakers produce various methodologies to adapt to this (Gibson, 2008: 30). L1 perusers might not have created these procedures in light of the fact that their orthographies are unique in relation to English, they need to get them with the goal that they can peruse easily in English. They will in general trust their L1 perusing strateies when perusing in English(Gibson, 2008: 30) So as to quicken word acknowledgment and to help articulate and learn new words it is significant making precise associations among graphemes and phonemes (Stanovich refered to in Gibson, 2008: 30). Perusing out loud supplies perusers to make and practice these associations. Birch proposes perusing so anyone might hear as training with the goal that the students have however much criticism as could be expected on their translating capacities. Perusing out loud can likewise help to improve understanding familiarity; Grabe and Stoller reccomend matched re-understanding exercises, where understudies attempt to quicken their perusing out loud through re-perusing a similar entry to one another for one moment and attempt to accelerate each time (refered to in Gibson, 2008, 31 ). Perusing resoundingly may be an exceptionally valuable demonstrative gadget. The sound the understudy uses can show that where understanding isn't exact (Underhill, refered to in Gibson, 2008: 31 ). For example, an educator tuning in to a student’s perusing so anyone might hear can determine the issues, for example, elocution, cognizance of graphemic-phonemic associations, etc. Some master books on elocution are probably going to concentrate on segmental and the precise creation of specific sounds or probably, single sentences are perused so anyone might hear or spoken. Perusing resoundingly is utilized for practiced talking exercises and to make new learnt discourse designs lasting by Chun (2002). This can flexibly understudies perusing out loud one another. She advocates that tuning in and impersonating ought to be utilized once in a while on the grounds that understudies rapidly feel worn out on it (refered to in Gibson, 2008). Transcription by an understudy to a cohort or gathering is proposed for elocution practice too ( Davis and Rinvolucri refered to in Gibson 2008: 32). Foss and Reitzel (1988) propose that perusing out loud is a method of chopping down correspondence tension, anyway it is viewed as nervousness inciting by certain understudies (refered to in Gibson, 2008: 32). Willis(2008: 59) utilizes choral perusing so as to lessen students’ worry of perusing alone. The way toward perusing resoundingly together strenghten designs. (Willis in the same place. ) Reading so anyone might hear exercises can be the main talking opportunity that bashful understudies have, so perusing out loud guide hesitant and unconfident understudies with talking exercise temporarily until they feel themselves equipped for talking unexpectedly (Gibson, 2008: 32). Perusing out loud has a roundabout strategic composition, anyway it is associated with composing with inflection. Abrade (1986, refered to by Tench 1996) advocates that while wirting has no sound, stress or stops, the two perusers and journalists will in general dole out these components to whatever they are perusing and composing, along these lines pitch may influence what is composed, regardless of whether it is casual or formal predictable letter (Gibson, 2008, 32). Baron Stevick (1989) talked with seven especially fruitful language students and found that the vast majority of them, including himself, utilized perusing out loud as a learning procedure outside the study hall. One student decided to peruse aloud,rather than quietly, to rehearse inflection and get the sound and stream of the language, especially in the beginning periods of learning. He said it supported his appreciation all things considered, perusing out loud helped him to lump the content into sense groups,even however he said he didn't see all the words-and to learn by heart new words. Another understudy discovered perusing resoundingly was especially valuable for the improvement of his articulation. Others discussed dependence, essentially at the outset phases of language learning, on visual data to help get to importance, and afterward rehashing it so anyone might hear to themselves. Stevick himself likewise preferred to connect what he was seeing with his articulatory procedures and audotoriy input, and understood that he recollected things better in the event that he said them so anyone might hear. ’Macaro (2001) proposes subvocalization as a procedure for retention. It appear s that Stevick’s understudies were repe

Courage in to Kill a Mockingbird free essay sample

One jumps at the chance to think about a legend, as solid, courageous, and meeting all difficulties head on. All the characters in this book have an alternate view with regards to what boldness is, and they all show it in various manners through their regular day to day existences. More youthful characters, similar to Jem and Scout, see its physical part, though Atticus accepts this to be an incredibly feeble type of mental fortitude. He puts stock in the psychological nature of mental fortitude. The capacity to be in minority and not withdraw and to have the option to transform; he respects Mrs. Dubose for her demonstrations of mental fortitude that are despite seemingly insurmountable opposition. For a more youthful character, similar to Scout, fortitude is frequently connected with a physical demonstration that is typically perilous. It is difficult for small kids to understand that boldness can be appeared in different parts of life. Scout sees a case of fearlessness in her dad when he shoots the frantic pooch Tim Johnson (pg. 101). In spite of the fact that Atticus doesn't consider it extremely valiant, Jem and Scout are glad for their dad and the boldness he appeared in this risky circumstance. Atticus sees boldness on an increasingly educated level, as an ethical thing not something that can be demonstrated with a weapon. Later on in the story, Jem and Scout experience the noxious, angry Mrs. Dubose who frequently yells out bigotry coordinated at the passing kids on account of Atticus’ work. At a certain point she announced, Your dads no better than the niggers and waste he works for! (pg. 111). At the point when she conspicuously made Atticus an object of criticism like that, Jem concluded that the most ideal approach to settle things was to demolish Mrs. Duboses camellias. Since he was unable to assault Mrs. Dubose straightforwardly, Jem chose to go for something near her. He is submitting a physical demonstration of reprisal, which prompted her enduring mental torment once more. It was a fearful demonstration, for he challenged not step up and go up against her. After Atticus caught wind of this trick, Jem was made to peruse to all her evenings for a month. He presently required mental valor, and he found it more hard to source this than the physical fortitude he was accustomed to showing. This is made clear by him declining to stroll past her home alone, and in light of the fact that Jem was from the outset alarmed of going to see her. Mrs. Dubose was an extremely debilitated lady, and had utilized morphine to facilitate her agony however was currently dependent. It was her objective to leave the world obliged to nothing and no one (pg. 120). She showed what Atticus alludes to as genuine boldness. (pg. 121). She indicated genuine fearlessness since she doesn't have the advantage of remaining there with a weapon pointed at her dependence. One single endeavor couldn't liberate her from the habit. Or maybe, it must be a many organized procedure over an all-inclusive timeframe. It was shear assurance and genuine fearlessness that permitted her to achieve her objective. It was not until after she passed on that Atticus disclosed to Jem and Scout how valiant the lady was on the grounds that she realized she was biting the dust yet was as yet resolved to kick the bucket liberated from the morphine. She battled against extraordinary chances, despite the fact that she realized that she would without a doubt bite the dust. Atticus tells his kids that he needed them to perceive what genuine fortitude is, rather than getting the possibility that boldness is a man with a firearm in his grasp. He additionally says that she was the most courageous individual he at any point knew. (pg. 121) Real mental fortitude is the point at which you battle for what is correct whether or not you win or lose. Atticus Finch exhibits genuine fortitude a few times all through the novel, notwithstanding the exercises that he shows his kids. The biggest and most significant model would be the preliminary of Tom Robinson. At the point when Atticus took the case, he went facing Maycomb, a for the most part partial town, so as to guard Tom. He comprehended that taking the case would make him an object of disparagement and that nobody would pardon him for accepting a dark keeps an eye on word over a white keeps an eye on. Indeed, even his own sister communicates objection at his choice, essentially revealing to him he was carrying disrespect to the family. All things considered, regardless of how much his notoriety endured, he didn't alter his perspective. Going to bat for his ethics and morals was a higher priority than people's opinion of him. From the very beginning Atticus realizes he won't win the case anyway he carries out his responsibility and completions what he set out to do. Atticuss solid feeling of profound quality and equity persuades him to safeguard Tom Robinson sincerely, giving everything he has. He shows this when he says, Simply on the grounds that we were licked a hundred years before we began is no explanation behind us not to attempt to win. (pg. 82). He says this to Scout after she gets back home from school furious at Cecil Jacobs for ridiculing Atticus in the schoolyard. Atticus advises her to battle with her head rather than her clench hands. He needs the individuals of Maycomb to hear reality with regards to Tom, That kid may go to the seat, yet hes not going till the facts told. (pg. 159). Atticus is putting everything a man holds dear, nobility, regard, respect and status, on the line to ensure Tom. He later shows more valiance when he goes to the prison to shield Tom from a crowd. Without reconsidering, he raced to Toms help. He went eagerly, realizing that if a crowd formed he would be incredibly dwarfed and would handily be beaten. In any case, he put Toms prosperity in front of his own government assistance. While serving equity, Atticus likewise indicated incredible fearlessness. For instance, he didn't oblige Heck Tate when he lied about what truly happened the night Bob Ewell was found wounded to death. Atticus put his life and vocation at risk since he realized that, as an official of the court, denying data of an examination could have gotten Mr. Tate tossed into prison. In any case, in the same way as other occasions previously, making the wisest decision and reasonable won in Atticuss perspective. Also, Atticus conflicted with his ethical code and standards he had consistently maintained previously, when Atticus is confronted with the choice of submitting to the law or breaking it so as to make the best decision. He realized that imprisoning a man like Arthur Radley would have been reprehensible, particularly after Arthur had quite recently played out an extraordinary deed by sparing his childrens lives. He realized that uncovering him would be a terrible method of reimbursing him; it would have been similar to shooting a mockingbird. In this manner, Atticus decided to shield Boo from the open eye instead of submit to the law and his legitimate legal ways he was so familiar with follow. In some cases it takes much more mental fortitude to set another degree of ethics than to remain in one’s safe place. (pg. 297-302). The mental fortitude to change propensities and considerations is significant, on the grounds that not every person can do it. A generally excellent case of this fortitude is when Atticus asked Scout not to battle any longer. At the point when I conceded to this demonstration of weakness. Word got around that Scout Finch wouldn’t battle any longer, her daddy wouldn’t let her. (pg. 97). That was an extraordinary demonstration of mental fortitude since Scout used to battle a great deal however as she had guaranteed her dad she would not battle any longer. Scout, similar to Jem wouldn't like to frustrate Atticus, so she rolls out an improvement. All in all, Atticus shows commendable mental fortitude and conduct in numerous cases all through the story, not by battling or executing, yet by going to bat for what he put stock in an edified and decided manner. His most grounded inspiration, be that as it may, were his youngsters. He needs to be a genuine model for his children and empower in them a solid feeling of virtue. Once Scout asks him for what good reason he had taken a case he realized he was not going to win and he reacted by saying, For various reasons. The primary one is, on the off chance that I didnt I couldnt hold up my head around, I couldnt speak to this region in the assembly, I couldnt even let you know or Jem not to accomplish something once more. (pg. 82). At the end of the day, he would not have had the option to converse with his children about equity and defending what one accepts when he himself had not represented what he put stock in. The exercises educated by Atticus and Mrs. Dubose demonstrate Jem and Scout what it is to be bold, to have the option to change, to come clean and above all to go to bat for their own convictions. All qoutes from Lee, Harper, 1960, To slaughter a Mokingbird, London, Pan Books

International Business Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global Business Analysis - Essay Example Besides, given the reltively smll monetary size of these economies, even smll mount of remote venture cn ccount for lrge percentge of their totl speculation nd accordingly generte significnt impct. The spred of multintionl firms ws regularly saw with doubt nd question in such nations, prticulrly in those tht sought after strtegy of import replacement. In this pper I will tke look t both positive nd negtive impacts of multintionl firms on the economies of creating ntions. I will rgue tht such compnies through their ctivity give FDI in the economies tht re still a work in progress nd spek session masters nd cons of the globliztion in frmes of multintionl firms. The idea of linkges will be talked about so as to understnd the connection between the multintionl firm nd the impact interntionliztion on the economies of creating ntions. Numerous mrket powers re behind the watched development of multintionl firms: decrease in expenses of communiction hs esed the constrints on globl rtionliztion of creation nd the informtion innovation insurgency hs creted mrkets for mny new items nd administrations. Incresed world trde in administrations hs further added to globliztion of multintionl firms since administrations frequently expect providers to hve physicl nearness in mrket. Be that as it may, chnges in the mrket condition don't cpture the entire story. Arrangement inititives hve plyed centrl job: mny nations hve gone further thn essentially evacuating brriers to inwrd multintionl firms nd hve tken all the more ace ctive pproch towrd ttrcting multintionl firms to enter the mrkets of creating nations using fiscl nd finncil motivators. This new, more fvorble, approach condition in mny creating nd once in the past socialist nations contrsts shrply with historicl ttitudes towrd multintionl firms in these nations. The ongoing wve of liberliztion of trde nd FDI arrangements proposes tht the hopeful perspective on multintionl firms is by all accounts gining the upper hnd. One mnifesttion of this pattern of liberliztion is the prolifertion of bilterl venture treties cross nations: there now exist 1,513 bilterl speculation treties mong nations, compred with less thn 400 t the start of 1990 (UNCTD 1998). Obviously, the filure of import replacement s strtegy for advancement is crucil reson behind this remrkble turnround in arrangements in mny creating nations. Inside the more idealistic perspective on impacts of multintionl firms to the economy of creating ntions is tht it pushes forwrd the procedure of industril advancement by creting linkges with the remainder of the economy Fundmentl ideas In clssic work, Hirschmn (1958) built up the ideas of bckwrd nd forwrd linkges nd nlyzed their importnce for monetary development. In his own words: The setting up of n industry carries with it the vilbility of new expnding mrket for its sources of info whether these information sources re provided initilly from brod. This enhnced mrket applies bckwrd pressure for estblishing ventures tht gracefully the new entrnts. He clls this procedure bckwrd linkge impacts: Each non-primry ctivity will instigate ttempts to gracefully through local creation the sources of info required in tht ctivity. Similrly, forwrd linkge impacts re creted when one industry utilizes nother industry's yields s its sources of info: Each ctivity tht doesn't by its nture cter solely to finl

Nike Should Achieve Competition Advantage and Re-position Itself Essay - 1

Nike Should Achieve Competition Advantage and Re-position Itself - Essay Example So as to differentið °te, Ð °ccording to unmistakable pð °tterns of strð °tegic behð °vior, Nike enters Ð ° new mð °rket, the footbð °ll teð °m unit. By concentrating differentið °tion on an item, organizations could commð °nd premium costs for their items. Items spoke to first class contributions in the business. In this mð °rket, a level of differentið °tion isn't lð °rge. Nike dishes Ð ° mð °rket where contenders cð °n differentið °te their items Ð °nd thð °t is the reason hð °ve less rivð °lry. Rivð °lry is decreased where clients hð °ve high exchanging costs - for example there is Ð ° significð °nt cost Ð °ssocið °ted with the choice to get items from Ð °n Ð °lternð °tive contender. Nike proposes to its client's serious costs Ð °nd guarantees client sð °tisfð °ction. Nike’s mð °in contender (Dð °niels et Ð °l 2006), Ð didð °s, follows the strð °tegy which hð °s Ð ° greð °t impð °ct on the opposition. The Ð °nð °lysis recommen ds thð °t Ð °ny prevalent mð °tch between compð °ny skills Ð °nd clients needs allows the firm to outâ ¬perform contenders. In generð °l, Nike bð °ses its serious strð °tegy on overð °ll leð °dership Ð °nd differentið °tion building the most productive fð °cilities (as far as scð °le or innovation) Ð °nd obtð °ins the lð °rgest shð °re of mð °rket. These Ð °dvð °ntð °ges, thus, give them Ð ° substð °ntið °l leð °d as far as involvement in building the administration. Experience then leð °ds to more refineâ ¬ments of the whole procedure of creation, conveyance, Ð °nd administration, which leð °ds to furâ ¬ther cost decreases. Nike hð °s Ð ° mð °rketð °ble portfolio which guarantees its leð °dership position on the mð °rket. The examination reveð °led thð °t Nike doesn't seek after ease strð °tegies. Inside these globð °l serious situations, Nike overwhelmingly emphð °sizes differentið °tion strð °tegies, where serious situating is predomin ð °ntly bð °sed on quð °lity contributions Ð °nd brð °nd imð °ge. Quð °lity is Ð °lmost universð °lly focused on Ð °s Ð ° necessð °ry determinð °nt of seriousness. Ð nother subject apparent in the discoveries is the importð °nce strð °tegy-industry fit plð °ys in deciding specialty unit performð °nce. Here it is perceived thð °t impression of industry pressures mð °y be more importð °nt thð °n the Ð °ctuð °l pressures in deciding strð °tegies Ð °nd subsequently performð °nce.

7 Ways to Find the Answer to What Should I Do with My Life

7 Ways to Find the Answer to What Should I Do with My Life While it can be depressing to know that you haven’t found your purpose in life, it’s not the end of everything. The true challenge of life is to find our inner strengths and what each of us excels in. Some of us manage to find the answer sooner while others take a long time to achieve their vision. Nonetheless, it’s never too late to find the answer to “What Should I Do with My Life?”.Take time and enjoy the moment of not knowing what to do with your life. Think of it as an exciting rollercoaster ride that’s filled with screams and thrills and ultimately, you end up enjoying the adventurous ride with a thumping heart. Your adventure in life is like the roller coaster except you get to be the person to start your own ride.If you are interested in beginning your very own adrenaline-filled roller coaster ride, it’s time to strap your safety belts and read on. THE KEY TO UNDERSTANDING YOURSELFBefore you begin the journey to know what you should do with your life, it’s important to understand your deepest desires. If self-fulfillment is your final goal, then your search ends here and your first step to finding it is in the below-discussed section.Finding Self-Fulfillment: What Makes Us Want to Smile and LiveThe first step to acquiring self-fulfillment is to accept yourself the way you are and to avoid changing yourself due to peer-pressure. Everyone including your parents, boss, friends, family, etc. want to introduce a new characteristic to you by asking for change. It’s important to respect their opinions but also pay attention to your own desires and needs. Only you can truly understand the situation you are in and the emotions you are witnessing.If there is a specific characteristic that is harmful to everyone then should alter your behavior. For example, you may have issues in managing your anger and every time someone does somethi ng you don’t like, your heart begins to race. This type of behavior can be destructive and requires you to enforce ground rules on anger management. Check in to a psychiatrist counseling session and gradually, make a difference.Self-fulfillment is about evolving yourself into a much better person than you were yesterday. While healthy competition is a good motivator, it’s important to never compete with your colleagues to the point of acquiring selfishness. Be the better man and admit defeat when the situation calls for it. Jealousy can be a major obstacle in the path of self-fulfillment.Moving On: The Past is the Past, It’s Time to Face the PresentThe word “Present” roughly translates to mean “a gift” and hence to remain in the present is a gift to your mental state. Many of us have trouble letting go of the past and hence, directly affect our present while indirectly affecting our future. It’s important to let go of things that occurred in the past and to learn fro m your mistakes.“Forgiveness is strength, the strength to move ahead without any resentment” â€" Lailah AkitaNever carry the burden of a past altercation or conflict that might have occurred in your younger years. Either face the problem head-on or forget and move far away from it â€" by dragging the issue into your present, you face a consequence of not being able to make decisions based on sound reasoning and instead, end up with more failures.How to Not Worry About the Outcome of EverythingAre you someone that is worried about the result before you execute your plan? Have you already succumbed to how you are going to fail and that no matter what you do it will only end up embarrassing you?  Not to worry, a fair amount of the global population is in the same boat as you. While it’s necessary to be ready for any worst-case scenarios, it’s also critical to be practical and stop worrying about a result that hasn’t yet occurred.In trying to solve the outcome of something you have no control of, you hinder your creative ideas from fully exploring themselves and become someone who is obsessed with the result rather than the plan.For example, if a doctor were to constantly worry about the patient losing their life on the operating table, he wouldn’t be able to concentrate on his medical duties while performing the operation and hence, be unable to fulfill his medical responsibilities.Similarly, it’s important to leave the outcome out of your plan and concentrate on how to best deal with the current project at hand.For a detailed walkthrough on understanding yourself and to obtain information on self-development. The video by Tony Robbins covers all the important key points. 7 WAYS TO HELP YOU DISCOVER YOURSELF AND GIVE MEANING TO YOUR LIFEWhat Should I Do with My Life? â€" The answer to this question can’t be found in a sentence or a statement but requires you to kickstart an ambitious journey within yourself. The famous Steve Jobs found his true ca lling while traveling around the world and trying to figure out what he wanted to be, he discovered his inner passion for innovation after his friend â€" Steve Wozniak, showed him his latest invention and thus, history was created.All successful people go through the initial struggle of finding out what they truly want to be. With the right push you can join the ranks of these successful individuals but first, you need an appetite for accomplishing your goals. The following section goes through many ways in which one can find their inspiration.1. Inspire Yourself“The Best Preparation Tomorrow is Doing Your Best Today” â€" This quote is extremely true when trying to find inspiration within ourselves and when things look down and out. Every human being has certain aspirations that they wish to fulfill, if you haven’t found yours, it’s time to begin a new checklist.Inspiration is found all around us in the form of biographies, movies, music, and through life experiences. Do und erstand that no one is born successful, it takes time and commitment to acquire the knowledge that leads to the ladder of success. Give yourself time to get out of your comfort zone and to begin an insightful journey.Simple changes to your lifestyle can awaken your aspirations, begin by waking up early in the morning and reading an inspirational quote every day, this will allow you to block all negativity and start the day with a positive feeling.In your personal diary, add a single habit you would like to do for the entire month and focus your mind on achieving it. Let’s say you would like to learn swimming or cycling, ensure you are committed to learning a new skillset after you finish the last one. This will enable your creative side to take over.2. SocializeHuman interaction is a basic essential need for all humans to thrive and engage in meaningful conversation. Listening to stories of other people and how they achieved their dreams can motivate us to do the same. By socializ ing, we open ourselves to communication and learning new information.Avoid socializing on the internet and choose the good old-fashioned way of making friends. Spending too much time on the internet can cause you to lose your cognitive skills and eventually, you are bound to become depressed. By spending time with your real friends, you could plan to enjoy a movie together or indulge in outdoor sports.Socializing can also open references and interactions that can lead you to land your dream job. Never miss out on the opportunity of meeting your friends or relatives, you never know when an opportunity can come knocking. As an introvert, this can be a hard step to take but opening up to others about your problems can knock a load off of your burden.3. Get Going and TravelConstantly being locked in the 4 corners of your room can destroy your mental condition and eventually lead you to a dejected state. Plan a trip with your friends or family and experience the liberating pleasure of be ing one with nature. By exploring new lands, we absorb knowledge and establish new goals to achieve.If you’ve never traveled before, try taking your bike or using public transport to head over to a location you’ve never been to in your city. Carry a backpack that carries all your important equipment â€" phone, water, snacks, money, and other essentials. You are now ready to begin a solo journey to kickstart your very own adventure.Traveling can relax your mind and allow you to make new friends while also partaking in new cultures around the world. Every trip is magical and holds precious memories that you can bring back home through souvenirs and photographs. Each journey can provide you with enough clarity to answer the question on “What You Should Be Doing with Your Life.”4. Reward yourself for FailingWe’ve all felt worthless in our lives at one stage or the other. Unfortunately, life isn’t fair, and it can be a struggle to get to the point where we are satisfied with our lives. The journey to success can cause us to feel miserable when we fail, and it makes us want to give up and move on to a boring desk job with a mundane life.Our mind is instructed to play against us when we fail, and it constantly buries itself in negative emotions. It takes a great amount of willpower to convince it otherwise and to prove that you are a winner. The next time you’ve failed, the trick is to reward yourself for trying and accept failure as a part and parcel of success.Once you’ve convinced yourself that failure is a part of you just as much as success is, you’ve successfully exorcised the demons in your mind. You are now ready to clearly visualize your goal and focus without any distractions.For example, think of your ambitions as a football, the goalkeeper being the negativity in your head and the goal being your destination. If the goalkeeper were to block the ball on your first try, it’s important to focus and attempt to kick the football without giv ing up. Once the ball is inside the goal, you can taste sweet victory due to your steadfast belief in your ability to kick the ball.Here’s an interactive video by Adam Leipzig on how he found his life purpose and how you can find yours too. 5. Introduce Physical Activity into Your LifeIf you haven’t been exercising on a regular basis or if you’ve decided to replace your daily diet with junk, it’s time to take a closer look at what we eat. Our body is like a temple and requires sufficient attention, after all, our physical form is directly linked to our mental state. The more depressed we are, the worse our eating habits become.Did you know that the food we eat can play an important role in affecting our moods?  That’s right! What goes into our stomach has a profound effect on the way we feel and behave. Stuffing yourself with sugar-rich foods can make you crave a sugar-heavy diet, this, in turn, causes us to replace our daily nutrients with colas and chips. Without the ess ential vitamins, our body begins to suffer.The first step is to strictly avoid all junk food and replace them with natural foods such as â€" Oats, Fruits, Vegetables, Whole Wheat Products, Milk, etc. Once you’ve set up a diet plan, it’s time to take it to the next level and give your body some physical exertion. The human body was designed to engage in physical activity and it’s time to visit your ancestral roots.Join a gym or create an exercise plan with the help of your dietician and commit to at least 45 minutes to an hour of cardiovascular activity. The endorphins released post the workout can help your mind relax and keep you feeling refreshed all day.6. Spiritual ClarityIn this fast-paced technological world where a single click on your smartphone can make the internet your own personal shopping assistant, we lose grasp of things that are valuable and get used to a prosaic lifestyle. Introducing spirituality into our lives can heal our mental anguish and ground us back t o reality.Do we understand the value of time?  Do we take the time to fully immerse ourselves in a specific moment?Are our emotions taken for granted and is there a way to fully experience bliss?Mediation is the answer to the questions that arise from deep within our mind. Reflecting on our past and changing the future to meet our needs can open the doors to a life of self-fulfillment.Every day, take the time to spend at least 30 minutes of time for self-preservation and close your eyes while you deeply breathe in and out. The fresh oxygen of the morning air can dispel the negative energy within us and fill us with a full day of positivity.7. Be Optimistic and Challenge Yourself ConstantlyThe most important thing is to never stop seeking knowledge and to constantly defy yourself from negativity. Just as a plant needs water and sunlight for nourishment, the human mind requires adequate knowledge and a peaceful existence to grow further. Give yourself time to grow and avoid rushing in to things. Life is about accumulating happiness by finding joy in accomplishing your goals one step at a time.Visit your local community group and take part in community events hosted by them. Events such as helping wounded animals, cleaning the beach, sweeping your neighborhood, and being useful to senior citizens are some activities that can add purpose to your life and give you the self-importance that you deserve.You could also volunteer to be a part of a mission such as the Red Cross or other NGOs to help abolish poverty or donate a small portion of your earnings to make a difference. By being positive and staying clear of your objectives, you will surely have the answer to “What You Should Be Doing with Your Life”.CREATE A 5-YEAR PLAN AND BEGIN TO MENTALLY PICTURE YOUR PROGRESSTake a minute to close your eyes and mentally clear all your obstructions and worries. Now take a white piece of paper and write down all your interests and passions. After you’ve compiled a list, it’s time to rate each interest on a scale of 5 â€" with 1 being the least favorite and 5 being the most favorite. In this way, you can eliminate all your choices while leaving only the important ones.Once you have a clear winner among your career choices, it’s time to mentally visualize yourself being a part of this career option. This method allows you to focus your entire brain power onto your passion and allow you to judge whether the career is perfect for you or not. If you strongly believe the career option is what you desire, it’s time to create a 5-year plan and focus on it.Things are starting to become interesting, you’ve now narrowed down your choice and all that’s left to do is to project this vision into a 5-year goal. It’s necessary to give yourself ample time to absorb the knowledge and be up-to-date with the trends related to your career choice. The first 2 years of your 5-year plan is your learning phase while the last 3 are about executing the knowledge you learned.Ensure you create a detailed plan to track your progress and to avoid procrastinating your daily goals. Maintain a checklist and break down large goals into mini-goals to create a much more achievable plan. Under no circumstance should you stray from your goals and if you ever decide to, have someone you trust to watch your back to ensure you stay focused.Congratulations! You’ve successfully created your 5-year plan and all that’s left to do is to follow your dreams and you’ve successfully managed to find exactly what you want to do with your life.CONCLUSIONAs a final concluding statement, it’s important to continue growing and be 100% comfortable with yourself. By adopting a positive attitude and converting your goals into an achievable 5-year plan, the only thing that can stop you from reaching success is â€" Yourself.Avoid trying to please others and empower yourself by realizing your dreams and not letting external factors extinguish your fiery passion. When things start to get tough, remember, that “The Night is at its Darkest Hour just Before Dawn”.

Jem the Visionary Characterization in To Kill a Mockingbird - Literature Essay Samples

In Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird, Scouts (the narrators) older brother, Jem, plays an ironically important role. He may seem similar to other boys in Maycomb given his brotherly characteristics, but there is more to his character. Jem is a luminary to his sister. He realizes the inhumane qualities of Maycomb, and ultimately stands up for what is right, even if he is looked down upon for doing so. Undoubtedly, Jem is a paragon of tolerance whom many people should look up to, even though Lee also succeeds as presenting him as an everyday young boy. From the beginning of the book, Jem acts as a leader figure to Scout and Dill. Jem is an affectionate and benevolent older brother and allows her to play with him. This is why Scout automatically looks up to him. For example, Jem assists them across the street (Scout and Dill) when investigating the Radley house. After Scout decided to tag along, â€Å"Jem held up the bottom wire and motioned Dill under it. I followed, and held up the wire for Jem† (Lee 69). Jem is important to Scout, and so is how well they work together. Without Jems major role in Scout’s life, she would not have courage and bravery. Jem and Scout live without a mother for most of their lives and though Calpurnia acts as a mother figure towards Scout, Jem is one of the most influential people in her life. Despite the fact that Jem sometimes tries to act tough and smarter than Scout, he is still a leader who provided guidance. Jem goes through a difficult, but successful discovery while sitting through the Tom Robinson trial. For example, he does not understand the injustice of racism and realizes that his town and the people he used to look up to are guilty of this infringement. With this struggle weighing him down, Jem does not know what to believe. Atticus always lets Jem know that justice is an important quality to have, and this only makes the confusion stronger because nobody is abiding by those rules. Jem knows that Tom Robinson was innocent and after realizing that Tom was going to jail merely for being black, his perception of his community infuriates him: â€Å"Judge Taylor was polling the jury: Guilty guilty guilty guilty I peeked at Jem: his hands were white from gripping the balcony rail, and his shoulders jerked as if each guilty was a separate stab between them† (Lee 282). Jem grew up always trusting Maycomb and its kind community, but seeing someone be accused of something they did n ot do because of the color of their skin makes him uneasy and ultimately deteriorates his trust in society. For instance, since the words â€Å"guilty† become â€Å"stabs,† the reader begins to recognize the pain and grief of Jem’s sudden loss of innocence. However, Jem realizes that through the injustice, there can be good in people. Although Tom was put into jail because of racism, Jem discovers that people should still act in goodness because Atticus sets good examples before and after the trial. Throughout the story, Jem tries to listen to Atticus and hopefully even grow up with the same values as him. For example, Jem always fears being a disappointment towards Atticus and hopes to defend Atticus throughout the book given the Tom Robinson trial. After hearing many insults about his father from Mrs. Dubose, Jem decides to violate her camelia’s by cutting the tops off all of the flowers. Scout is confused by the situation. For instance, â€Å"In later years, I sometimes wondered exactly what made Jem do it, what made him break the bonds of You just be a gentleman, son, and the phase of self-conscious rectitude he had recently entered. Jem had probably stood as much guff about Atticus lawing for niggers as had I, and I took it for granted that he kept his temper—he had a naturally tranquil disposition and a slow fuse† (Lee 136). This situation leaves Scout in awe and her only explanation was that her brother went mad. Atticus plays a clear influential role in Jem’s life and hearing people offend his father sparked anger. Atticus always taught Jem to act in honor and in the moment, Jem assumes he was standing up for his father. Although Jem might was looked down upon because of his delinquencies, his other qualities yielded leadership to his peers and his sister, Scout. Through his actions, Jem teaches Scout to value the good in life. He uses the importance of his father’s teachings, such as honor and justice, to make a difference in the lives of others.

Robert Clive - Biography of 18th Century British General

Born September 29, 1725 near Market Drayton, England, Robert Clive was one of thirteen children. Sent to live with his aunt in Manchester, he was spoiled by her and returned home at age nine an ill-disciplined troublemaker. Developing a reputation for fighting, Clive compelled several area merchants to pay him protection money or risk having their businesses damaged by his gang. Expelled from three schools, his father secured him a post as a writer with the East India Company in 1743. Receiving orders for Madras, Clive boarded the East Indiaman Winchester that March. Early Years in India Delayed in Brazil en route, Clive arrived at Fort St. George, Madras in June 1744. Finding his duties boring, his time at Madras became more livelier in 1746 when the French attacked the city. Following the citys fall, Clive escaped south to Fort St. David and joined the East India Companys army. Commissioned as an ensign, he served until peace was declared in 1748. Displeased at the prospect of returning to his regular duties, Clive began to suffer from depression which was to plague him throughout his life. During this period, he befriended Major Stringer Lawrence who became a professional mentor. Though Britain and France were technically at peace, a low-level conflict persisted in India as both sides sought an advantage in the region. In 1749, Lawrence appointed Clive commissary at Fort St. George with the rank of captain. To advance their agendas, the European powers often intervened in local power struggle with the goal of installing friendly leaders. One such intervention occurred over the post of Nawab of the Carnatic which saw the French back Chanda Sahib and the British support Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah. In the summer of 1751, Chanda Sahib left his base at Arcot to strike at Trichinopoly. Fame at Arcot Seeing an opportunity, Clive requested permission to attack Arcot with the goal of pulling some of the enemys forces away from Trichinopoly. Moving with around 500 men, Clive successfully stormed the fort at Arcot. His actions led to Chanda Sahib sending a mixed Indian-French force to Arcot under his son, Raza Sahib. Placed under siege, Clive held out for fifty days until relieved by British forces. Joining in the subsequent campaign, he aided in placing the British candidate on the throne. Commended for his actions by Prime Minister William Pitt the Elder, Clive returned to Britain in 1753. Return to India Arriving home having amassed a fortune of  £40,000, Clive won a seat in Parliament and aided his family in paying off its debts. Losing his seat to political intrigues and needing additional funds, he elected to return to India. Appointed governor of Fort St. David with the rank of lieutenant colonel in the British Army, he embarked in March 1755. Reaching Bombay, Clive aided in an attack against the pirate stronghold at Gheria before reaching Madras in May 1756. As he assumed his new post, the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj Ud Daulah, attacked and captured Calcutta. Victory at Plassey This was partially provoked by British and French forces reinforcing their bases after the beginning of the Seven Years War. After taking Fort William in Calcutta, a large number of British prisoners were herded into a tiny prison. Dubbed the Black Hole of Calcutta, many died from heat exhaustion and being smothered. Eager to recover Calcutta, the East India Company directed Clive and Vice Admiral Charles Watson to sail north. Arriving with four ships of the line, the British retook Calcutta and Clive concluded a treaty with the nawab on February 4, 1757. Frightened by the growing power of the British in Bengal, Siraj Ud Daulah began contacting the French. As the nawab sought aid, Clive dispatched forces against the French colony at Chandernagore which fell on March 23. Turning his attention back to Siraj Ud Daulah, he began intriguing to overthrow him as the East India Companys forces, a mix of European troops and sepoys, were badly outnumbered. Reaching out to Mir Jafar, Siraj Ud Daulahs military commander, Clive convinced him to switch sides during the next battle in exchange for the nawabship. As hostilities resumed, Clives small army met Siraj Ud Daulahs large army near Palashi on June 23. In the resulting Battle of Plassey, British forces emerged victorious after Mir Jafar switched sides. Placing Jafar on the throne, Clive directed further operations in Bengal while ordering additional forces against the French near Madras. In addition to overseeing military campaigns, Clive worked to refortify Calcutta and endeavored to train the East India Companys sepoy army in European tactics and drill. With things seemingly in order, Clive returned to Britain in 1760. Final Term in India Reaching London, Clive was elevated to the peerage as Baron Clive of Plassey in recognition of his exploits. Returning to Parliament, he worked to reform the East India Companys structure and frequently clashed with its Court of Directors. Learning of a rebellion by Mir Jafar as well as widespread corruption on the part of company officials, Clive was asked to return to Bengal as governor and commander in chief. Arriving at Calcutta in May 1765, he stabilized the political situation and quelled a mutiny in the companys army. That August, Clive succeeded in getting Mughal emperor Shah Alam II to recognize British holdings in India as well as obtained an imperial firman which gave the East India Company the right to collect revenue in Bengal. This document effectively made it the ruler of the region and served as the basis for British power in India. Remaining in India two more years, Clive worked to restructure the administration of Bengal and attempted to halt corruption within the company. Later Life Returning to Britain in 1767, he purchased a large estate dubbed Claremont. Though the architect of the growing British empire in India, Clive came under fire in 1772 by critics who questioned how he obtained his wealth. Ably defending himself, he was able to escape censure by Parliament. In 1774, with colonial tensions rising, Clive was offered the post of Commander-in-Chief, North America. Declining, the post went to Lieutenant General Thomas Gage who was forced to deal with the beginning of the American Revolution a year later. Suffering from a painful illness which he was attempting to treat with opium as well as depression regarding criticism of his time in India, Clive killed himself with a penknife on November 22, 1774.

The Evolution of Autism - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 617 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/02/14 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Tags: Autism Essay Did you like this example? Autism is a neurobiological disorder that results in difficulty communicating with anyone and social impairments. The first discovery of autism was by Leo Kanner in 1943 ( Lyons, V., and M. Fitzgerald). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Evolution of Autism" essay for you Create order Over time the definition of autism has changed with new discovers. Up unit the 1970s autism was thought to be no more than a symptom of schizophrenia (Martin). Disorders such as epilepsy and down syndrome can occur. Everyone is different when it comes to what disabilities they have and what ones they do not have. 1910 was the very first time that any mention of autism had every appeared in medical literature (Martin). Autism did not become a disability legally until 1991. There is no medical testing that can be done to diagnose autism. Symptoms include avoiding eye contact, being very sensitive, and repetition. Developmental screening and comprehensive diagnostics can be used to diagnose, but some doctors like to use mu- wave suppressions. Developmental screenings sees if the child knows skills that are appropriate for their age. This type of screening should be conducted at nine months, eighteen months, and between twenty four and thirty months old. Comprehensive diagnostic exam checks the comprehension of the child, the childs behavior and development. During this exam there is vision and hearing screening, genetic and neurological testing, etc (â€Å"Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)†). A diagnosis can occur at eighteen months or younger. The most reliable diagnosis is made around the age of two. Other testing will be performed if the child is related to someone who has autism because they have a higher risk of having autism. During the 1990s when children were diagnosed they would wait months to be seen by a doctor who knew little to nothing about autism (Baker, JP). Autism can not be cured, so treatment will not make it go away, it will only make the it better. The sooner treatment is started the be tter of the child will be. There is three different categories of treatment, I being well-established, II being probably efficacious, and III being experimental. Therapy should not begin with emerging treatment options, and unestablished options should not be used at all (Suchowierska, Monika). The Autism Society of America gives information on new treatment options. Cure Autism Now funds treatment research projects (Project Autism). Treatment options include but are not limited to behavior therapy, sensory integration, schedules, and music therapy (Mitrani, Judith/Suchowierska, Monika, and Gary Novak). Applied behavior analytic also known as ABA which was discovered by O. Ivar Lovaas (Smith, T) and vest can also be used. The vests known as squeeze vest allow one to feel like they are cozy and secure (Mitrani, Judith). Therapy that works for one may not always work for someone else. Media attention has helped change the public view on autism over time. Many movies have been created with the main character having or showing symptoms of autism. Movies that portray autistic characters include The Boy who Could Fly, Rainman, Whats Eating Gilbert Grape?, Adam, My Name is Khan, and Temple Grandin (Project Autism). The most know is Temple Grandin. Temple Grandin is known for being a human livestock handling industry top scientist (Project Autism). Since the discovery of autism there has been negativity. To man y with autism stereotypes challenge them often. While media has helped get rid of many stereotypes, some still exist. Media attention also creates new stereotypes. Many of the stereotypes are created usually because of the lack of communication, different expressions of their thoughts and feelings, and actions (Martin, Danielle N). Stereotypes make many feel like they are alone in the world. Studies show parents that have at least one if not more children with autism end up getting divorced (Martin, Danielle N).

Advertising Bigotry the Foundation - 888 Words

In the past, the ideals of American society incorporated numerous stereotypes that even today cause detrimental effects within our infrastructure. The lasting belief of women and African Americans’ inferiority and its harrowing portrayal in advertisements originates from the very distant past. Seemingly from the beginning of time, women all over the world were viewed as lesser individuals therefore they received lesser roles in their society. Since the 18th century, when America first began colonization, women were expected to accomplish subsidiary household management tasks, such as cooking, sewing, and other domestic chores. From the 18th century to the Women’s Rights Movement in the mid-19th century, the roles of women faced meager advancement only strengthening the subservience of women in our society’s ideologies. As women’s inferiority became a part of America’s philosophical framework, the belief of the lowliness of African Americans surfaced and fused with our society’s ideals as well. For over 150 years, our culture wholeheartedly supported the atrocious treatment of African Americans and defended the harrowing subsidiary views of this specific race. From enslavement to outright discrimination, the African American race has been regularly subjected to devastating stereotyping since the 18th century. The traumatic stereotypes that were prevalent centuries ago are still predominant in today’s society and are exemplified in advertisements nationwide. 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Intercultural communication gives them an insight into the areasRead MoreBusiness Law Paper15517 Words   |  63 Pagesinformation could be considered part of the assets of eHarmony and therefore could be sold as part of the deal with the purchasing company. The clause is notifying the individual that by agreeing to the contract they accept this fact. 6.) Third party advertising a. Under this provision, the agreement outlines the fact that eHarmony sites allows third party advertisers to utilize cookies and web beacons to track ad effectiveness and personal information gathered is completely anonymous, therefore complying

The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 1681 Words

Reputation can play an important role in our everyday lives. It is how we are defined as people. There is no middle when it comes to reputation, only good or bad. People will act a certain way based on their reputations. Some will go out of their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, Abigail Williams, and Reverend Parris. When put in a tight situation dealing with life or death, all of these characters choose to keep their reputations rather than save their lives or do the right thing. The preponderance of ha ving a good name is a very prevalent theme in â€Å"The Crucible†. Arthur Miller uses characterization to portray John Proctor’s reputation throughout the play. John Proctor is the protagonist of â€Å"The Crucible†. From the beginning opening act, Arthur Miller characterizes Proctor as an honest man with good morals who tries his very best to do the right thing. He is a well-respected man around the village of Salem, which later causes his good reputation. This is the reason why it is hard for Proctor to give up his goodShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. 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The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn the English dictionary, there are three definitions of the word crucible. One is a metal container in which metals are mixed and melted. Another is a severe test. But the third definition, and the one that I think fits the best for this book, is a place or situation in which different elements interact to create something new. In my mind, this fits because all of the characters had their little grudges and dirty secrets. But when all th ose seemingly little things interact, they formed somethingRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1285 Words   |  6 Pages Rationale, Morality, Stereotypes, Pressure, Self-Censorship, Unanimity, and Mindguards. Groupthink has also taken place in our history a a country. The play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about a the real-life Salem Witch Trials that happened in 1692 - 1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. Some symptoms of Groupthink found in the Crucible are Rationale, Pressure, and Self-Censorship. The Groupthink symptom, Rationale, is described as when victims of Groupthink ignore warnings: they also collectivelyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller811 Words   |  4 Pages While The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, is only a four act play, it still resembles the format of a five act play. The five-act structure evolved from a three-act structure, which was made famous by Roman Aelius Donatus. Donatus came up with three types of plays: Protasis, Epitasis, and Catastrophe. The five-act structure helped to expand the three act structure, mainly made famous by Shakespeare through his many tragedies. Even though The Crucible contains only four acts, it still has the commonRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1052 Words   |  5 PagesBuddy Al-Aydi Ms.Healy English 9 CP 14th October 2014 The Crucible Essay The Crucible was a novel written by Arthur Miller in the 1950’s. It was written in a format of the play, portraying an allegory of the Salem Witch-Hunts led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. The book is known to have a inexplicable plot. This plot is advanced by multiple characters in the book in order to ensure that the reader maintains interest with the material that is being read. The farmer, John Proctor, would be theRead MoreThe Crucible by Arthur Miller1085 Words   |  5 Pagesopposes the will of the majority is a recurring feature of drama.† Identify such a conflict in a non-Shakespearean play you have studied and show how the dramatist deals with the implications for both the character and the society. Arthur Miller in ‘The Crucible,’ deals with the internal/external conflicts of protagonist John Proctor, during the witch trials of Salem; showing the effects of â€Å"an individual opposed to the will of the majority.† Through the mass hysteria caused by Abigail, corruptionRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experiences

Sex Discrimination in Poland Free Essays

Eradication from sex discrimination on the Polish work market would favour development of women’s promotion prospects. Since becoming a full European Union member Poland has made headway in promoting gender equality into national policies and in gender discrimination in the workplace. However, this country still lags far behind the other countries of an old continent breaching women’s’ rights not openly. We will write a custom essay sample on Sex Discrimination in Poland or any similar topic only for you Order Now Poland is a country that cultivates its tradition and keep its values. Stereotypes regarding the model of Polish traditional family are deeply ingrained in Poles psyche and therefore women are not treated equally in the society because they have always been associated with fulfilling domestic activities. Also, a conservative attitude to women in Poland when it comes to work stems from the history. Polish women were identified with ‘Mother- Pole’ who protects the hearth and home. In connection to this the vast majority of men cannot imagine women’s forsaking their duties. Regardless Poland succeeds in making progress on different fields the problem of female manager’s promotion remains unsolved. The most industrialized countries such as Sweden, Germany or USA are willing to take advantage of women’s potential and experience. Reasons are numerous, for instance : more female workers are highly educated in comparison to male employees. Moreover women seem to be attractive workers in view of possessing features that are not typical of men. For example they better endure stressful situations and have better developed communication skills. Unfortunately many employers in Poland do not appreciate women’s aptitude like it is in other countries. Still women continue to occupy lower positions . Even if they put an enormous effort to perform their duties the salary for the same job is lower . I conclude that male employers are afraid of aligning women in responsible positions because they do not believe that women will manage to fulfill duties properly. Nevertheless, a plenty of amenities for female workers are being implemented in many European companies in order to facilitate their development. Also Poland should adjust their work market to women. First of all the Polish Government ought to take measures to protect women against discrimination at work. For instance they can levy fines on companies where women are sidelined from work due to their gender. Moreover, Poland should increase the access to care services like nursery schools. Thanks to it women will have an opportunity to join family duties with work and continue their carreers. In addition there should be implemented flexible working hours which are crucial for women on maternity leave . Introducing such solution will be profitable for her employer. On the whole Powers governing Polish work market are relentless and only few women who were entirely determined to break the glass ceiling managed to overcome the barriers. Women’s promotion prospects should be more widespread and the Government should introduce campaign encouraging male bosses to employ women. How to cite Sex Discrimination in Poland, Papers

Description of Current ICT Service Management

Question: Discuss about the Description of Current ICT Service Management . Answer: Introduction Nowadays change is needed to be implied in every organization for more development and improvement of the organization. Implications are analyzed by those modification technique which acts as business strategy in the organization (www.free-management-ebooks.com, 2016). Strategy is the direction and scope of an organization over the long term, which achieves advantage in a changing environment through its configuration of resources and competences. -------------------Johnson (2009) There are various schemes and techniques through which changes can be brought in by identifying the problem. Strategic decisions in an organization can be brought by different planning system which is mentioned in the figure below: Source: www.free-management-ebooks.com A. Among all the strategies SWOT analysis of Charles Sturt University is described to develop positive changes in the organization. SWOT analysis is a technique of business analysis which can be performed by any organization for markets, services, products and for improvement of the future growth of the product (Overton, 2007). Identification of strengths and weakness and understanding the opportunities and threats of an organization is the main function of SWOT analysis. It is the responsibility of a manager to think about the development of the organization and bring profitable growth in the organization. SWOT analysis template of Charles Stuart University is described below: Organization: Charles Stuart University (CSU) Date:23.9.16 Description of current or new ICT Service As CSU is a university, so proper learning environment is needed to be described here with proper application. An integration of Interact online learning environment is administered with collaboration and delivery systems which is used for learning and teaching in single fundamental space. Its source of learning is Sakai Open Learning Management System (LMS). Generally this source is used for professional improvement in research about learning and teaching (Dolphin, 2011). Especially this is made for distance education students. The interaction based on academic principal which is related with technology development in the organization. Strengths The universitys system and service of the work process modernize the resources and facilities of the work progress of students and teachers in the university by eliminating the problems of the staffs and the students in the university. The research collaborators and the students are facilitated with remote access technique. This helped the students to learn fast and teachers to make them understand properly. Cost effectiveness is less as the open-source Sakai LMS is used as the software in the organization. The innovations and training materials are also shared by other organizations and universities (Kumar and Lin, 2013). The code are accessed by IT staffs and customized with the changing circumstances in the university. The sharing and repurposing of content can be readily done with activity which is related to various researches. They are explained by templates and materials and by this reduction of duplicate work have done. Operational errors, redundant training costs, automation process for downtime with centralized functions costs are reduced by LMS. Weakness No support service available because of use of LMS. It is necessary that the service management should be hosted by the university. Direction in deal of IT infrastructure is found which is inconsistence and cannot be handled properly by other several browsers and this causes trouble for the IT staffs. Teachers are not provided adequate time, so it is tough for the teachers to give feedbacks after checking the online forums. For that reason coping up with the studies are tough for the students and they are unable to self motivate themselves with proper direction. Online applications cannot be filled up by the students properly because the level varies on IT. Issues arise because web accessibility problems are not designed by the content and activities. Training is not provided by open-source vendor. Driving teaching styles by innovative method cannot be provided by LMS (Kats, 2010). Update of Sakai software has not been done for a long time period is the university. The accessibility standards with conformity of the rival products are limited and it is hard to be operated outside the tools. For software update there were no plans for apps and mobile interface. Opportunities There are many students who are studying by distance, for them increase of diversity with flexible study arrangements and development for distance learning can be given as an opportunity. Undulating mobile ownership on smart phones, tablets among students and teachers with desire to complete work on technology. Broadband internet has been started to be used in large number in Australia. National Broadband Network is developed and used in large amount in residences and offices of Australia. Other technologies are also introduced in large amount and they are needed to be developed with high speed. Threats Inflexibility, instability and clumsiness have been increased because of lack of competition among the LMS companies which are proprietary. The choice several companies have been commonly developed with personal contribution and other source. From Sakai LMS, the organizations and universities are moving and its community will shrink (Overton, 2007). Online education has been made for the distance learning students and if update in information is not done then the reputation of CSU will be affected. Problem can be raised if the teaching styles are not innovative which can affect the future of the students. Is the service management is not developed then learning styles can be affected in the university. Summary and Recommendations Charles Stuart University (CSU) is one of the leaders in distance education and learning techniques which is flexible. Significant weaknesses and threats has been analysed by the recent system of the university. The strengths mentioned above should be developed more and positive position should be brought in the sector. Especially the remote access facility with streamlined experience with development in accessibility with interoperability in the online education system with competitive improved system. The market value of broadband has been increased because it has market force as NBN is commonly used in schools and homes. Various application of online learning is needed to be developed with LMS in CSU. Mobile version wit use of smart phones and tablets should be developed in latest version (Overton, 2007). The Enterprise Architecture and Liaison unit has some objectives which is fragment with integrated system which is scalable and sustainable. There are some goals which is achieved by ICT system which is needed to be diversified with sustainable and technological limits which is open sourced with LMS and these issued are resolved with update done in Sakai with un sustainability process in users community. The ongoing process of the system is secured by LMS vendor with scalability and functionality reducing the pressure which occurs because of lack of training and host management process. This report shows the choice, investigation method, implementation of LMS and adaptability (Belkin, Corbitt and Wickramasinghe, 2013). Short Term (now) The formation of working group will be done where LMS process is needed to be open sourced with the options adopted by proprietary company. Priority featured by LMS is needed to be surveyed for the students where prospective of the software is discussed. The open-source will be designed with LMS for conducting study. Mid Term (next 12 months) Representatives of vendor will be invited with group within 12 months. The criteria of the university are presented with formal tenders. The distance and online program of CSU is advantageous in negotiating phase with secured leveraged service arrangement which is frequently charged by the commercial vendors for better quality service (Belkin, Corbitt and Wickramasinghe, 2013). Long Term (next 3 to 5 years) In the introduction phase, for next 3 to 5 years programs of change management is projected and guided with piloting and transition guidance in the university. The channels of the communication will be kept open with frequent updates projected with students and staffs. Review is brought with ongoing consultation after educational research which is consulted with identification. E-Business E-Commerce Models and Strategies The importance of E-business is increasing day by day in todays generation. Internet has provided various technologies and business development advertises of several products which are spread in the form of advertisement sometimes (Shaw, 2003). Designs in interfacing ways with the application of internet with competitive business technology are driving the market recently. Business strategies are governed by calculative dissemination with the process of E-Business. E-business is playing role of portal in global market in unprecedented level. There are several examples drawn such as, EDI (Electronic Data Interchange), MRP (Material Requirements Planning), and ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). Email marketing and chain management is the necessary features of E-business. There are some strategies of E-Business: Supply chain management This is handled with the procedure of chain management. Coordination and retail of wholesale in various products are analysed here. Integration of supply with the source of chain right is observed in dissemination process of electronic technology and other supply of chain management. Customer service relationship management Effective strategies of E-business are involved in customer service development and it also ensures customer satisfaction. Customer friendly services are provided by e-business which satisfies the needs of the customer easily. Inventory and service management integration Strategies in inventory services and integration management are developed through this system. Purchasing machines and inventory accumulation with tax implications with high expenditure is justified in this strategy (Shaw, 2003). Operation alignment Through the short-term goal tactical alignment is proposed in strategy planning which is coordinated with long term goal with e-business strategy. Fast and swift process is developed by diverging style of e-business with channel integrity and other subscriptions (Shaw, 2003). Diversification is done in E-commerce from many years. Offering delivery in fast mode in time is the facility which the E-commerce gives. There are some E-commerce business models which are used now days. They are: B2B B2C C2B In the given figure the model of e-commerce is described below: Business-to-Business (B2B) model Order of purchasing is involved with electronic transactions which are used during goods trading. Subscription with manufacturing and dealings with professional services are followed by this model. An organization is guided by this model to improve the ICT system in the organization. For example amazon.com is an example of B2B model. Business to consumer (B2C) model In a business organization transaction method are followed by B2B model for customers help and development (Lee, 2008). Consumer to Business (C2B) model C2B is business model where customers profit is analysed by customer satisfaction process and revenue management way (Shaw, 2003). There are various strategies of revenue generation in E-commerce. They are purely online system; brick and click, auction, market place storing and bargaining. These methods are helpful which processes the implementation of e-commerce strategies. There are various elements of business models: Revenue model Value proposition Market opportunity Competitive advantages Competitive environment Organizational development Management team The main facility is E-business and E-commerce is that, it is easy to deal by the customers. The Information Communication technology is depicted properly with the adaptability of E-commerce (Lee, 2008). The e-commerce or online business is 24 hours opened for the consumers and with one click they can view the details about the advertisement of the product and the business models with various developed skills (Schneider, 2002). If the students in the university want to adopt knowledge about e commerce then, they have to give details description about E-commerce and E-business following all the models and strategies and techniques used by the technology which has made life easier now a days. In case of academy and education students can easily by the books and learning material; online through commercial transaction method. Thats what which can be adopted by students and teachers in school, colleges and universities and other customers are also facilitated by this service. Conclusion In this assignment various strategies of internet technology and programs of Charles Sturt University is described in the first part (Schneider, 2002). The SWOT analysis of the university is properly mentioned with long term, midterm and short term plan to analyse the process through which ICT development in the university is needed to be developed. In the second part the brief study about e- commerce and e-business is described with various models and strategies which have shown the advantages of technology and use of internet. References Belkin, M., Corbitt, B. and Wickramasinghe, N. (2013).Strategic ICT planning in pathology. New York, NY: Springer. Dolphin, I. (2011).Sakai CLE Courseware Management. Packt Publishing Ltd. Elliot, S. (2002).Electronic commerce. Chichester: John Wiley Sons. Kats, Y. (2010).Learning management system technologies and software solutions for online teaching. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference. Kumar, V. and Lin, F. (2013).System and technology advancements in distance learning. Hershey, Pa.: IGI Global (701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA). Lee, I. (2008).E-business models, services, and communications. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference. Overton, R. (2007).Business Strategy Made Simple. Murwillumbah: Martin Books. Schneider, G. (2002).Electronic commerce. Australia: Course Technology. Shaw, M. (2003).E-business management. Boston: Kluwer Academic. www.free-management-ebooks.com. (2016).Strategy skills. [online] Available at: https://www.free-management-ebooks.com/dldebk-pdf/fme-swot-analysis.pdf [Accessed 23 Sep. 2016].

Reasons why the Black women Population did not Consider Themselves a part of the Ongoing Feminist MovementsÂÂ

Background of the Study The experiences of black women in the U.S. have challenged feminist scholarship to rethink the relationship between race and gender for everyone. Since the middle of the 20th century, women’s studies scholars have increasingly acknowledged that differences among women arise from inequalities of power and privilege. For African American women, gender is a part of a larger pattern of unequal social relations; how gender is experienced depends with how it intersects with other inequalities (Hooks 8).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Reasons why the Black women Population did not Consider Themselves a part of the Ongoing Feminist Movements   specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Research Question What was the position of black women in U.S. society and the reasons why the black women population did not consider themselves as a part of the ongoing feminist movements (in 20th century )? (Hooks 10). From the research question, I intend to explore the gender ideology of the Black Power Movement, the participation of women, the effect of the fight against racism together with an increased level of race consciousness on gender awareness, and the cultural changes inspired by black power. Although women’s activism throughout America’s history is evidence of emerging feminisms, I intend to focus my research on the emergence of radical feminism in which black women question not only their oppression in society but also the very nature of the gender hierarchy and the hegemonic gender system (Hooks 11). This paper is meant to open debate on how women viewed the much-hyped feminist movement. Significance of the Study I have found the work of Bell Hooks (15) useful in understanding the construction of hegemonic gender orders with hegemonic versions of masculinity and femininity. Hegemonic gender constructs perpetuate the idea that gender roles are somehow natu ral and therefore immutable. They are developed in such a way to maintain control of and appeal across class and race by displaying essential ingredients to all groups. Until men and women challenge these hegemonic structures, which are continuously being reinforced by the media and other forces and institutions, gender equality cannot fully evolve. Some women activists in the Black Power movement, while fighting against racism and class discrimination, began to question their own oppression but did not go to challenge these structures. An examination of the gender in the Black Power movement and the subsequent development of a feminist movement make a critical contribution to the study of gender in America. There are important similarities between the experiences of women in the Black Power movement in the U.S. including the construction of black masculinity (Hooks 20).Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Theoretical Approach and Methods The Black Feminist movement emerged as a response to the Black Liberation movement and the Women’s Movement. During this period, the term â€Å"black† was often used to refer to black men while â€Å"woman† was used to refer to white women. As a result, this led to the neglect of the existence of black women and their needs. The main goal of the movement was to come up with a hypothesis that could deal with the way race, gender, and class were interlinked in their lives and to take measures that could halt sexist and classist discrimination. There have been arguments that the Black Feminist movement fought for the freedom of everyone in the society since it sought to eliminate racism, sexism and class subjugation. The Feminist Theory is one of the theories that emerged as a result of this movement. There has been known to exist a special bond between Black Feminists and post-colonial feminists sin ce both fought for the recognition of both the men in their own society and the Western feminists. (Hooks 35). Literature Review No one-research study identified examines how Black women addressed the barriers attributed to race, gender, and social class during the black feminist movement. This literature review will provide insight about the political identity of Black women through the lens of Black feminist thought. This section will begin with an overview of feminist theory to offer a context and visualize the origin of Black feminist thought. The literature review will also connect issues of race, class, and gender with the critical variables of self-determination and self-definition as fundamental components of Black feminist thought. To embrace the uniqueness of Black feminist thought, the study will define and describe the outsider-within phenomenon that has plagued Black women since their enslavement. Feminist Theory The purpose of this section of the literature review is t o offer a comprehensive understanding of standpoint theory. One should have a firm grasp of this theory‘s tenets to have the proper foundation to understand Black feminist thought theory. There exists multiple related and yet distinct feminist standpoint theories. They are grounded in one original idea, which is that knowledge is socially located and arises in social positions that are structured by power relations (Hallstein 32). Standpoint theorists (McClish Bacon 27) asserted that there are two reasons an epistemology generated from an oppressed group, such as women, is more valid than the knowledge of those in dominant positions. The first reason insists that the oppressed must understand the ideology of those in power to survive, and the second reason asserts that those of subjugated groups offer fuller insight into the social order since they possess no desire to maintain the status quo.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Reasons why the Bla ck women Population did not Consider Themselves a part of the Ongoing Feminist Movements   specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In one of the central tenets associated with standpoint theory, Orbe (230) asserted that research must begin from a person‘s concrete lived experiences and emphasize the need to be aware of a specific societal position. Orbe also noted that research and knowledge production about women must begin from women’s lives and that their vision is not necessarily truthful. Therefore, no one standpoint can serve to represent the cognitive behavior, belief, or attitudes of all women due to the existence of multiple differences among women. With a true understanding of standpoint theory, one may now explore the specifics of Black feminist thought. Theory grounds how researchers identify, name, interpret, and write about individual and collective experiences. It can be challenging to find and apply theoretical constructs that are appropriate for explaining and understanding the experiences of Black women. To try to interpret the experience in a fair and just manner, one must have the proper theoretical lens. Thus, it is important to identify a theory that reflects Black women‘s political and social positions and that of others with whom they interact in the world. Black feminists (McClish Bacon 30) argue that Black women‘s perspectives are grounded in their unique experiences. Feminist activists and historical scholars apply the ―wave model to describe the women’s movement in the United States; however, this model obscures the historical role of race (Springer 1059) as part of the movement. Black feminism came into being during the subsequent wave of the women’s movement that began towards the end of the 1960’s. (Smith 56). While some traditional theories provide frameworks that are adaptable enough to conform to any group’s development, Bl ack feminist thought is more specific in its integration, validation, and centering of Black women‘s unique realities, perceptions, and experiences (Collins 14). In the 1960s and 1970s, the women’s liberation and Black power movements (Cole Stewart 130) aimed to redefine the roles and broaden the privileges of historically disadvantaged groups. These movements worked to accomplish these ends through the redefinition of the constituent groups’ identities and political consciousness. In 1973, the National Black Feminist Organization (NBFO) was formed (Smith 60). In 1974, a group of Black women known as The Combahee River Collective, gathered in Boston, Massachusetts (Smith 62).Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The name Combahee River came from a military action in South Carolina led by Harriet Tubman. During this gallant incident, 750 slaves were set free during a military organization that was designed and executed by a woman. Members of these groups have been involved in defining and clarifying the political identity of Black women and were committed to struggling against racial, sexual, and class oppression. The focal point on their individual subjugation is encompassed in the concept of personality politics (Smith 63). Identity politics support the notion that the most profound and radical politics stem from one‘s own identity and not one that works toward ending someone else‘s oppression. Political identity (Cole Stewart 135) describes a pattern of beliefs related to the social and structural relationships that connect the individual to social groups. It asserts that human existence is interconnected and that systemic obstacles rather than individual shortcomings limit d isadvantaged groups. It proposes that the political realm is personally relevant and meaningful, and that collective actions are the best responses to social problems. Black feminists distinguish their struggle from that of White feminists, as the struggle of Black feminists is both anti-racist and anti-sexist (Smith 64). White feminists do not claim as a facet of their struggle the element of race. Another distinction (Smith 65) is the feelings of solidarity that Black feminists have toward progressive Black men, which differ from the fractionalization that White women who are separatists have toward White men. To demonstrate solidarity with Black men, the vision of Black feminism embraces the unified struggle to diminish the forces of racism, class separation, and sexism. Black Women’s Understanding of Race, Class and Gender Chandra Talpade Mohanty (50) asserted that from the perspective of some of the most disenfranchised communities of women in the world, it is likely to envision a just and democratic society capable of treating all its citizens fairly. Conversely, she stated that if we begin our analysis from, and limit it to, the space of privileged communities, our vision of justice is more likely to be exclusionary because privilege nurtures blindness to those without the same privileges. A Black feminist framework takes into account the intersectional dynamics of race, class, and gender (Coker 654). While this framework provides a platform to examine and better comprehend the commonalities that exist between Black women, it also recognizes differences among Black women. A review of the extensive work of Dr. Patricia Hill Collins (227) served as a primary source to offer a conceptual framework for comprehending Black feminist thought. Working jointly and in systematic fashion, the discriminations of racism, sexism, and, in many cases, class inequality remain pervasive in the personal and professional lives of many Black women. Patricia Collinsâ €˜s (18) conceptual framework of Black feminist thought and its themes rendered an insightful vantage point into the experiences of all Black women. Black feminist ideas are built in the principle that black women, as an assembly, possess definite themes (Collins 19). The ideology of Black feminist thought declares that visibility of Black women asserts self-determination and self-definition as essential, challenges the interlocking nature of oppression, and presumes an image of Black women as powerful and independent subjects (Collins 20). A self-determined person is one who has the power to decide one’s own destiny just as a self-realized person has the power to name one’s own reality (Collins 21). This research indicates that to foster and facilitate a personal or professional relationship with a Black woman, a balance of, respect for, or at minimum, a healthy recognition of these themes needs to exist. The social construction of black womanhood The-outsider-with in syndrome is a common and critical factor that unites the experience of U.S. Black women in the labor market. The outsider-within syndrome is a social condition where Black women appeared to belong to a group but were not accepted as an equal. Collins (72) outlined the origin of the syndrome. Prior to World War II, the two categorical areas of employment for U.S. Black women were domestic and agricultural work. Development and transference of both skill sets are a direct result of Black women’s enslavement in this country. As domestic employees, Black women performed duties that allowed them to form nurturing ties with White children and often with the employers themselves. Hallstein (38) also noted that women occupy a position inside and outside of the dominant culture. The outsider-within syndrome is also described as bifurcated in that a woman’s perception of her structural position allows her to see her own socially located knowledge and that of the dominant cult ure and its feminine conception. The Five Distinguishing Features of Black Feminist Thought The effects of institutional racism are complicated by racial segregation and accompanying discriminatory practices designed to deny equitable treatment to Blacks. The general purpose of Black feminist thought (Collins 76) is to resist the practices and ideology generated by oppression. For Black women (Collins 77), the impact of institutional racism, sexism, and discrimination based on class remain observable and tangible. The common experiences generated by these existing conditions, stated Collins (78), mean that Black women live in a different world than those who are not Black and women. These conditions amplify the need for a conceptual framework that distinguishes Black feminist thought from other feminist schools of thought. Experience and consciousness. The first feature recognizes interdependence between experience (Collins 78) and consciousness. The link between what one does and w hat one thinks characterizes the Black women’s experience as a group. Collins (78) emphasized that the deficiency of political activism on the part of the subjugated group evolves from their flawed consciousness of their own subjugation. There are two possible interpretations (Collins 79) of the oppressed group‘s consciousness if Black women‘s collective wisdom is not present. This can be interpreted to mean that subordinate groups have a firm identification with the power group thus depriving them of a valid independent analysis of their own subjugation. The second interpretation is that the oppressed group is less human than the powerful group. Both interpretations, according to Collins (79), sees the lack of activism by Black women or any oppressed group as a sign of the group‘s inferiority or a flawed consciousness of subordination. The legacy of struggle. The second feature is the recognized link between Black women‘s oppression and the legacy of struggle. The legacy of struggle, according to Collins (79), referred to Black women‘s struggle to exist in conflicting worlds: (1) that of the White, privileged, and oppressive; and (2) that of the Black, exploited and simultaneously oppressed. Acknowledging that this dilemma exists, (Collins 79) does not confirm that every Black woman recognizes or embraces its existence. Dialogic relationship. The third feature of Black feminist thought is that there exists a dialogic (Collins 79) relationship that characterizes Black women‘s experiences and group knowledge. This feature insinuates that variations of thought may accompany alterations in the course of action thus lead to the production of modified experiences that uphold altered individual or group perception. Within the context of this feature, Collins introduced the notion of rearticulation, which occurs when Black women receive a different view of themselves and the world. This rearticulated consciousness strives to empower Black women and promote resistance (Collins 80). Williams et al (181) identified the ―use of dialogue as a Black feminist thought theme. This too suggests that oppressed groups use dialogues to establish empowered bonds and relationships. Black women intellectuals. The fourth distinguishing feature claims Black women intellectuals (Collins 81) as the coalition-building group of Black feminist thought. Collins continues to emphasize that a Black woman intellectual can reside within and outside of the academic arena. The experience of the Black woman affords her the right and ability to provide a vision of Black womanhood that is unavailable to members of other groups. According to Collins, the intellectual must promote and push the themes of self-determination, self-definition, and group autonomy. The concepts of self-determination and self-definition will serve as variables of interest and exploration for the developmental networks of Black women. Significance of Cha nge. The significance of change symbolizes the last distinctive facet of Black feminist thought. Collins (81) asserted the changing social conditions experienced by Black women generate a need for constant Black feminist analyses of shared differences that characterize Black womanhood. Collins used the aforementioned concept of ―outsider-within syndrome as an example. She acknowledged that in today‘s world of work, far fewer Black women are domestic employees, but Collins submits this image has experienced a modern transformation. Black women still hold the lion’s share of contemporary emotional nurturing, lower tier administrative, and ―cleaning up after people positions. The Constraining Walls of Social Location An image that helps convey how the Feminist Theory limits opportunity and represents the relationship between structure and culture is found in Gloria Naylor’s novel The Women of Brewster Place. The characters in this story live on a dead- end street that has been closed off by a brick wall. The wall separates Brewster Place from the rest of the community. It shuts out light to apartments, it creates a dark and unprotected area where destructive activities occur, and its presence suggests that there is only one way out. The wall on Brewster place is a powerful symbol of the ways racial oppression, sexual exploitation, and class domination constrain the life chances and choices of the women who live there. For black-American women, the social structures that are identified and discussed in this book are similar to the wall; they create barriers, limit opportunities, and constrain choices. At the conclusion of The Women of Brewster Place, the wall at the end of the street becomes the focus of collective social action. In a final act of defiance and rage, the residents of the street tear the wall down. The wall and the responses and reaction of the residents to it provide a useful device for illustrating the relationship of social structure to human choice and action. Within the â€Å"walls† constructed by race, class, and gender oppression, black women create lives for themselves, their families, and their communities. Their lives are an active outgrowth of the continuous interplay between their cultural background, their personal abilities, and their struggles with the constraints of social structure (Naylor 2-120). Outcome Literature Review While research that examines the reasons why the black women population did not consider themselves as a part of the ongoing feminist movements from the perspective of Black women is scarce, it is my hope that this study will encourage others to continue the scholarship. Although gender as a category of consciousness was not developed during the Feminist movement, looking back at the movement with a gendered analysis based on the feminist theory does give some important insights that may not have been obvious at the time. The Black Power Movement clear ly demonstrated the resilience of the gender system. The language of the movement is particularly interesting. Black Power advocates used a very masculine language that focused almost exclusively on the Black Man. Even if Black Power leaders felt the need to focus on recruiting men, it is interesting why they did so in gendered language. They equated the lack of power with the denial of manhood, thus tying masculinity to power. The movement derived its concept of manhood directly from the model of hegemonic masculinity of the ruling class, the same elite whom advocates of Black Power challenged, yet they never seriously questioned the structure of masculinity, nor the oppression of women (Hooks 52). Because power, sexuality, and manhood were so intrinsically linked, it was not surprising that the Black Power movement in the United States should place a new emphasis on the black male body. At the same time that the ‘Black is Beautiful’ slogan provided a necessary counter to Western ideals of beauty, this new emphasis on blackness reasserted the power, strength and sexuality of the black body, and of the black male body in particular. This focus tended to assert male sexuality and power, while exploiting black female sexuality. The hyper-masculine sexualized male body of the African man thus played on the white male fears that arose from the mythical construction of black male sexuality–a side effect of British imperialism and the colonizing agenda. Cultural critic Bell Hooks (84) points out that the black male body has also been â€Å"feminized† by white men in order to assuage that fear, so that, like all women, black men were seen as more body than mind and more instinctive than logical. The hyper-masculine image of Black Power served in part to counteract this â€Å"feminization.† Research Outline For my future research, I intend to follow the following outline in order to fully answer my research question: Introduction Sex ism and the black female slave experience The imperialism of patriarchy Racism and feminism: The issue of accountability Black women and feminism Conclusion The chapter on racism and feminism and black women and feminism are extremely important to me since they will help me to reflect on my research process and outcome. Plan of Study Time Schedule ACTIVITY MARCH APRIL Week 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Prop. Writing Data Collection Data Analysis Report Writing Submission Works Cited Coker, Andrew. African American Women Adult Learners: Motivations, Challenges, and Coping Strategies. Journal of Black Studies, 33.5 (2003). 654-674. Print. Cole, Edward, Stewart, Andrew. Meanings of Political Participation among Black and White women: Political Identity and Social Responsibility. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71.1 (1996): 130-140. Print. Collins, Patricia. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. New York: Routledge, 2000. 69-82. Print. Collins, Patricia. Learning from the Outsider within: The Sociological Significance of Black Feminist Thought. Social Problems, 33.6 (1986): 14-23. Print. Collins, Patricia. Healing Identities: Black Feminist Thought and the Politics of Group. A Journal of Feminist Philosophy, 21.2 (2005): 227. Print. Hallstein, Dennis. A Postmodern Caring: Feminist Standpoint Theories, Revisioned Caring and communication ethics. Western Journal of Communication, 63.1 (1999): 32- 56. Print. Hooks, Bell. Ain’t I A Woman: Black Women and Feminism. London: Pluto Press, 1981. 8-100. Print. Orbe, Patrick. An Outsider within Perspective to Organizational Communication: Explicating the Communicative Practices of Co-cultural Group Members. Management Communication Quarterly, 12.2 (1998): 230-279. Print. McClish, Gregory, Bacon, James. Telling the Story her Own Way: The role of Feminist Standpoint Theory in Rhetorical Studies. Rhetoric Society Qua rterly, 32.2 (2002): 27-55. Print. Mohanty, Talpade. Under Western Eyes Revisited: Feminist Solidarity Through Ant-Capitalist Struggles. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 28.2 (2003): 50-100. Print. Naylor, Gloria. The Women of Brewster Place. New York: Penguin, 1983. 2-120. Print. Smith, Barbara. Home girls: A Black Feminist Anthology. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. 56-102. Print. Springer, Keith. Third Wave of Black Feminism? Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 27.4 (2002): 1059-1082. Print. Williams, Robert., Brewley, David., Reed, James., White, Dennis., Davis-Haley, Raymond. Learning to Read Each Other: Black Women Graduate Students Share their Experiences at a White Research I Institution. The Urban Review, 37.3 (2005): 181-199. Print. This research paper on Reasons why the Black women Population did not Consider Themselves a part of the Ongoing Feminist Movements   was written and submitted by user Journey Dyer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.